Many people who have never encountered human papillomavirus are strongly advised, if possible, to undergo an appropriate analysis to detect this disease. If the symptoms of the pathology began to appear, the delivery of such an analysis is a mandatory measure. A viral disease of this type in men and women can manifest itself as a result of transmission from another person in the following ways:
- Unprotected sex (transmission by kissing is also possible - in case of wounds in the oral cavity and on the lips).
- During childbirth - from mother to child.
- The virus can enter the body of an unsuspecting person even in the home environment in places where there are many people: a public toilet, a swimming pool, a bathhouse. Therefore, it is strongly recommended not to use other people's hygiene items.
This disease is not genetically transmitted through DNA. Therefore, the main risk of infection is to ignore basic hygiene rules, with unprotected sexual contacts, reckless sexual intercourse and a weak immune system. Some increased risk of infection occurs when a person has bad habits.
Important!If there is no carrier, the HPV pathogen cannot survive long (less than 1 day) in nature, but this is usually enough to infect a person.
If you want to have a blood test for HPV, you should contact the clinic first, as one of the highly trained doctors can issue the referral.
There are more than 100 types of HPV, and more than half of them pose no danger to humans, but some varieties are considered oncogenic, therefore, with prolonged development, they can cause cancer.
The papilloma virus is incredibly often transmitted from person to person sexually. Also, with unprotected contact, the likelihood of transmitting this particular virus is extremely high (compared to other sexually transmitted diseases). In recent years, as doctors note, the number of cases has increased exponentially every year.
This disease is especially dangerous for the weak half of humanity, because it often provokes the development of cervical cancer, as well as other cancerous pathologies in women. The older the woman, the higher the risk of developing cancer. In men, the papilloma virus, which develops in the genitourinary system, often leads to erection problems, irreversible infertility, and also to cancerous pathologies of the urogenital system. Therefore, the preventive test is the right and rational decision.
What analysis to transmit the human papillomavirus?
A highly specialized specialist can determine what kind of analysis you need to pass and what actions you need to perform for this. You can get professional advice on this problem from numerous doctors: a dermatologist, a urologist, a gynecologist.
At the moment, there are several popular and effective methods that allow not only to identify the presence of a viral disease in a person, but also to immediately attribute it to a certain type - safe or dangerous.
Important!You cannot independently determine which test to perform to find HPV in yourself - only a doctor should do this. It will indicate the name of the analysis.
We highlight the following applied methods:
- colposcopy. A colposcope is used to examine the cervix in detail. During the procedure, the doctor can look well through the mucous membrane of the organ, get a high-quality picture of all places of interest, and even find miniature papillomas and warts (if any).
- Cytology. Cytology is a common method of detecting various pathological diseases of an infectious nature by examining a smear under a microscope. As a result of the study, you can get the results of several classes: the first and second classes will indicate that a person has no problems with this virus; the third class is the reason for undergoing clarifying studies (histology is usually prescribed); the fourth and fifth class will indicate the presence of pathological cells. An HPV infectious disease by cytology is diagnosed if specially modified cells were found in a human smear.
- Histology, the study of biopaths. To examine a sample using this technology, a specialist takes a small part of his tissue from a person (it is difficult to say how he takes it, because it is different in each case). Studies are performed under a microscope: modified cells that have been affected by a viral infection are also looked for.
- Look for antibodies to HPV. One of the most modern and useful types of research. This is due to the fact that the method involves the search for antibodies to this infectious disease in human blood (in part this is a diagnosis). Antibodies in the human body will appear much earlier than the virus begins its vigorous activity. The method does not allow with a high degree of accuracy to identify the type of HPV pathology and also does not indicate the concentration. Human blood, not tissue, is examined by the in vitro method.
- Digene test. Modern and innovative way to detect the papilloma virus. With this technology, you can find out all the features of the disease. To obtain research material, a sample is taken from the mucous membrane of the urethra (men), vagina (women). Often this type of test is prescribed in conjunction with cytology, so that the most accurate data on the existing pathology can be obtained.
- PCR. The method is most in demand in cases where it is necessary to investigate the pathology of the papillomavirus with suspected oncology. According to this technology, a person gives blood, urine, a smear from the mucous membrane (which the doctor will indicate). The method is based on the detection of HPV DNA, so the results obtained regarding the presence of a disease in a person, or its absence, are incredibly accurate. It is difficult to study the material by this method, so there is a high probability of obtaining false results if the work is carried out by an inexperienced specialist or there is a violation of the technology.
Important!Regardless of the type of test and the method chosen, for people of any age, the study will be simple and painless.
In cases where the test involves taking material from the urethra or vagina, it is necessary to prepare in a certain way: a few days before, it is necessary to stop taking any drug with antiviral or antibacterial effect. A few hours before taking the biomaterial, it is necessary to abandon any hygienic procedures, not to go to the toilet.
If blood is used to detect the virus, the test should be done on an empty stomach. If you are very thirsty, you can drink pure water without sugar and gas. In order not to get false results, a few days before the study, it is necessary to give up alcoholic beverages and fatty foods.
Important!It is also recommended to temporarily abstain from sexual intercourse two or three days before taking any type of biomaterial.
Any tests for the detection of the papilloma virus do not create difficulties for both patients and doctors: they can be passed quickly and easily and most likely the results obtained will indicate the presence or absence of pathology. At the same time, it is extremely important to diagnose the presence of the virus as soon as possible, because the earlier treatment is started, the lower the risks of an oncological form of this pathology.
You can take such an analysis in any private laboratory or get a referral from the state clinic at the place of registration. The interpretation of the results obtained can only be performed by a qualified specialist. You should not take the results obtained after the analyzes and study them using the Internet - nothing good will come of it - you will not be able to correctly diagnose yourself.